Zhenjie No. 2 Maize Summer Sowing High-yield Culture Technique 2

**3 Field Management** **3.1 Seedling Management (Dingmiao and Miaomiao)** Timely soaking and transplanting of seedlings is essential to ensure a uniform stand. Two methods are commonly used: thinning when the plants have 3–4 leaves, and transplanting when they have 5–6 leaves. During the hot summer season, maize seedlings grow rapidly, but it's important not to rush the process. Proper timing is crucial to avoid damaging young plants. The best time for both Dingmiao (transplanting) and Miaomiao (thinning) is in the late afternoon when the sun is less intense. This helps reduce stress on the plants. Weak or diseased seedlings should be removed, and the remaining ones should be spaced evenly to ensure uniform growth. **3.2 Fertilizer and Water Management** At the 5–6 leaf stage, top-dressing with nitrogen fertilizer is recommended. It’s typically applied at 30–40% of the total nitrogen requirement. If no basal fertilizer was applied during sowing, all phosphorus, potassium, and zinc fertilizers should be applied at once. Insecticides can also be mixed with the fertilizer for integrated pest management. Zinc fertilizer can be sprayed directly onto the leaves. The top-dressing should be placed 10–12 cm away from the base of the plants and buried at a depth of 10–12 cm. If the soil is dry, watering should follow immediately after application. During the big bell-mouth stage (around 12–13 leaves), the remaining nitrogen fertilizer (50–60% of the total) should be applied. This is done by digging a furrow 15–20 cm away from the plant, at a depth of 10–12 cm, and covering it properly. During tasseling and flowering, corn requires more water. Ensuring sufficient irrigation during these critical stages improves pollination, enhances pollen viability, and ultimately increases yield. However, once the crop begins to mature, watering should stop to prevent overwatering and reduce the risk of disease. **3.3 Weeding and Soil Loosening** After the jointing stage, two rounds of cultivation are usually carried out. The first is done at the beginning of jointing, with a depth of about 10–12 cm. The second round takes place during the small bell-mouth stage, where the soil should be loosened closer to the plants but kept shallow. This helps improve root development and nutrient uptake while reducing competition from weeds. **3.4 Pest and Disease Control** From the small bell-mouth to the big bell-mouth stage, corn is vulnerable to pests such as the corn borer. One effective method is using Trichogramma egg blocks to control the larvae. Alternatively, BT emulsion diluted 500 times can be applied. For aphids, spraying with 3% acetamiprid EC at a dilution of 1000–1500 times, or 10–11% WP wettable powder at 1500 times, is recommended. To ensure food safety, no pesticide should be applied within 20 days of harvest. **4 Timely Harvest** Harvesting at the right time is crucial for maximizing yield and quality. Regular corn should be harvested when the milk line disappears and a black layer forms at the base of the kernels. Delaying harvest too long can lead to grain loss or reduced quality. It's important to monitor the crop closely and harvest when the conditions are optimal.

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