Extrusion equipment development trend of plastic machinery
The plastics machinery industry in China is undergoing a significant transformation, with experts predicting a shift toward combinatorial structures, specialization, serialization, standardization, compounding, miniaturization, large-scale production, personalization, and intelligentization. These trends are driven by the need for energy efficiency, material savings, and improved productivity. As the industry evolves, it must also meet increasingly stringent environmental and performance standards.
High-speed, high-output extruders are becoming more popular among investors because they allow for greater output with lower capital investment. However, this increased speed presents several challenges. The reduced residence time of materials in the screw can lead to uneven mixing and plasticization, while excessive shear may cause rapid temperature increases, potentially leading to thermal decomposition. Maintaining extrusion stability becomes more difficult, which can result in fluctuating dimensions of the extrudate. This requires higher precision in auxiliary equipment and control systems, as well as the use of advanced wear-resistant materials for screws and barrels. Additionally, the bearings must be designed to handle high-speed operation and extend the lifespan of the machine.
Efficiency and versatility are key features of modern extruders. High efficiency is reflected in high output, low energy consumption, and reduced manufacturing costs. Beyond traditional polymer processing, extruders are now used in diverse fields such as food, feed, electric carbon, electrodes, explosives, construction materials, packaging, pulp, and ceramics. The "one-step extrusion process," which combines kneading granulation and extrusion molding, is gaining attention as a promising innovation.
Large-scale and precise extrusion equipment plays a crucial role in reducing production costs, especially in applications like twin-screw granulation, blown film, and pipe extrusion. Many large-scale units are still imported, particularly those needed for national infrastructure and petrochemical projects. Localizing these technologies is essential to meet domestic demand and support the growth of the petrochemical industry. Precision in extrusion improves product quality, as seen in multi-layer coextruded films, where melt gear pumps are vital for achieving consistent results.
Modular and specialized production methods offer flexibility and cost efficiency. Modular design allows manufacturers to tailor machines to specific user needs, shorten development cycles, and capture more market share. Specialized production enables fixed-point manufacturing of system components, even through global sourcing, which enhances overall machine quality, reduces costs, and speeds up capital turnover.
Intelligent and networked extruders are becoming standard in developed countries, utilizing advanced electronic and computer control systems. Parameters such as melt pressure, temperature, screw speed, feed rate, and motor current are monitored in real-time, with closed-loop control ensuring stable operation. Some companies have implemented remote monitoring and diagnostics, enabling network-based control of extrusion lines. This greatly enhances process stability and product accuracy.
China's plastics machinery industry has outlined its development strategy for the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan," focusing on high-efficiency, energy-saving, material-saving, environmentally friendly, large-scale, precise, and multi-layered technologies. The goal is to enhance the technical value of existing products and drive further growth in the sector. With continued innovation and strategic focus, the industry is well-positioned for long-term success.
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